Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) is a term used to describe an intense emotional response to perceived or actual rejection, criticism, or failure. It is not a formal diagnosis but is widely recognized as a common and deeply impairing trait in many individuals with ADHD, particularly adults. [Rejection...- ADDitude], [ADHD and r...Understood], [What is re..... - CHADD]

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🔍 What Is Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria?

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• Definition: RSD is a brain-based symptom of emotional dysregulation. The term "dysphoria" comes from Greek, meaning "difficult to bear," which reflects the overwhelming emotional pain people with RSD experience. [Rejection...- ADDitude]

• Not a formal diagnosis: It is not listed in the DSM-5 and is not officially recognized as a symptom of ADHD, but many clinicians and researchers acknowledge its prevalence and impact. [ADHD and r...Understood]

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⚠️ Symptoms of RSD

 

People with RSD may experience:

• Extreme emotional pain from perceived or actual rejection, criticism, or failure.

• Sudden mood shifts that can resemble major mood disorders, including suicidal ideation. [Rejection...- ADDitude], [RSD: Meani...ADHD Link]

• Intense internalization of negative feedback, leading to shame, sadness, or self-loathing.

• Externalized reactions such as rage or outbursts directed at the source of rejection. [RSD: Meani...ADHD Link]

• Persistent self-criticism and negative self-talk.

• Hypervigilance to potential rejection, often leading to avoidance behaviors or social withdrawal. [RSD: Meani...ADHD Link]

• People-pleasing tendencies to prevent rejection or criticism.

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🧠 Why Is RSD Common in ADHD?

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• Emotional hyperarousal: People with ADHD often feel emotions more intensely than neurotypical individuals. [3 Defining...- ADDitude]

• Executive function challenges: Difficulty with flexible thinking and emotional regulation makes it harder to reframe or recover from rejection. [ADHD and r...Understood]

• Low self-esteem: Many with ADHD have a history of academic, social, or professional struggles, which can heighten sensitivity to criticism. [ADHD and r...Understood]

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💥 Impact on Daily Life

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RSD can significantly affect:

• Relationships: Fear of rejection may lead to avoidance or overcompensation.

• Work and school: Criticism or failure can trigger disproportionate emotional responses.

• Mental health: RSD is often misdiagnosed as mood disorders or social anxiety due to its intensity. [RSD: Meani...ADHD Link]

• Self-perception: Individuals may internalize rejection as personal failure, reinforcing negative self-beliefs.